Shampoos are viscous liquid preparations used for hair care and hair cleaning. In addition, a small portion of the shampoo is formulated in the form of a soap-like cake

Shampoo has the ability to remove dirt on the hair such as sweat, sebum, dead cells, residual cosmetics, pollutants from the environment ...

They have the ability to remove dandruff from the scalp

Shampoo that prevents or reduces damage, adds shine and strength to hair

Some shampoo ingredients have the potential to cause scalp irritation such as fragrances; preservatives such as triclosan, benzophenone, parabens; detergents (anionic surfactants)…

Shampoos have the ability to irritate the eye mucosa, especially anionic surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate ...

Shampoos are usually made by combining a surfactant, usually sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate, with a co-surfactant, usually cocamidopropyl betaine, in water to form a thick liquid. Other essential ingredients include salt (sodium chloride), which is used to regulate viscosity, preservatives and fragrance

Other ingredients are often included in shampoo formulations to maximize the following qualities:

- The foam feels comfortable and is easy to rinse off

- Minimal skin and eye irritation

- Thick feeling and pleasant fragrance

- Low toxicity and good biodegradability

- Mild acidity (pH below 7) so as not to damage hair

- Repairs damage that has affected hair

Many shampoos are pearl colored. This effect is achieved by the addition of small fragments of suitable materials, for example glycol distearate, which is chemically derived from stearic acid, which may be of animal or vegetable origin. Glycol distearate is a wax. Many shampoos also include silicone to provide conditioning benefits

A shampoo is not only used for cleaning but also performs many other roles, tailored to the needs of each customer. A shampoo should be selected to suit each individual based on the following aspects:

- Hair type: Is it dry or oily? Is the hair dyed or permed?

- Scalp problems: Does the user have dandruff?

- Safety: Will it cause eye or scalp irritation?

- Personal preference, including: Is the shampoo liquid or cream? The special scent, the amount of foam, the level of making the hair soft, shiny and easy to comb after using the shampoo,...

Conditioners are hair conditioners used to improve the texture, appearance, and shine of hair. The main purpose is to reduce friction between the hairs to allow for smoother combing, which could otherwise cause damage to the scalp. Many other benefits are often advertised, such as restoration, increased strength or reduction of split ends

Prevent and reduce hair damage

Improves shine and strength of hair

Some fragrances, preservatives (such as triclosan, benzophenols, parabens...) and detergents have the potential to cause scalp irritation and eye irritation

Some conditioners when in contact with the scalp can lead to unwanted effects such as blocking the hair roots and producing dandruff ...

The strong surfactants used in the formula are capable of damaging the stratum corneum, dissolving essential lipids on the scalp

There are several types of conditioner ingredients, which differ in composition and function:

- Acidifiers, acidity regulators maintain the pH of the conditioner at around 3.5. When exposed to an acidic environment, the scaly surface of the hair constricts, as the hydrogen bonds between the keratin molecules are strengthened

- Antistatic agents bind to hair and reduce static electricity, these may include cationic polymers such as Polyquaternium-10 and Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride

- Detanglers, which alter the pH of the hair's surface as an acidifier, or by coating it with polymers, as a gloss

- Polishers, chemicals that reflect light stick to the surface of the hair. Usually polymers, usually silicon, e.g. Dimethicone or Cyclopentasiloxane

- Lubricants, such as fatty alcohols, Panthenol, Dimethicone, etc

- Moisturizing cream, which plays a role in keeping the hair moist. Usually, they contain a high percentage of humectants. They can also be made from natural oils such as Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond)

Oils (EFAs - essential fatty acids), can help dry/porous hair become softer and more pliable. The scalp produces a natural oil called sebum. EFAs are the closest thing to natural sebum (sebum contains EFAs)

- Preservatives help protect products from microbial spoilage during their shelf life

- Regenerative agent, usually containing hydrolyzed protein. Their role is believed to be to penetrate the hair and strengthen the structure through polymer cross-linking

- Sequencer, to work better in hard water

- Sunscreen, to protect against protein breakdown and discoloration. Currently, Benzophenone-4 and Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate are the two most commonly used sunscreens in hair products. Cinnamidopyltrimonium Chloride and a few others are used to a much lesser extent. Common sunscreens used on the skin are rarely used in hair products due to their texture and weight effects

- Surfactants - about 97% of hair is composed of a protein called keratin. The surface of keratin contains negatively charged amino acids. As a result, conditioners often contain cationic surfactants, which are not completely washed away, because the hydrophilic element is strongly bound to keratin. The hydrophobic element of the surfactant molecules then acts as the new hair surface. Examples are Behentrimonium Chloride and Cetrimonium Chloride

- A heat protectant, usually a heat-absorbing polymer, that protects the hair from extreme heat, e.g. blow-drying, curling irons or hot rollers

Gentle on scalp and hair, low irritation, does not cause dryness and damage

Has a pleasant, natural color and smell. Long-lasting effect and absorbency on hair

Easy to wash off when used and improves the shine and smoothness of the hair, making it easy to comb

Safe and does not cause allergies and irritation to the eyes

Has built-in rheological properties and suitable pH (usually weak acid)

Long term settlement